Among other features, shadows: are expressed by expressions; are the intermediaries between signs and facts; don't need to be interpreted; do not admit of "understandings"; determine which things reasonably "count as" such-and-such; are verified (or falsified) by the facts, without appeal to further factors (for example, disambiguation, linguistic or nonlinguistic context); are not context-sensitive; have their meaning-properties essentially; are meaning-entities (shadows don't have meanings, they are meanings); are subject to just one way of being counted.
But it's not obvious why one would think this: truth-conditional semantics is about the meaning of expression types, not about which items would reasonably count as verifying speech acts involving sentence such-and-such. The content of a speech act is patently an interaction effect that depends on far more than what any sensible person would want to pack into the semantics of the expression type.
Let us return to the traditional blessing formula: "Barukh attah Adonai, elohenu melekh ha-olam, asher..." "Blessed be You, O Lord our God, sovereign of the universe, who...." Those praying address God in the second person as "You O Lord." This Lord is then referred to in the third person as the sovereign of the universe who does
such-and-such, for example "who commanded us to do something" or "who creates the fruit of the vine." Critics have focused on two problems in this formula--grammatical mixture and gender--and tried to amend it with two radically different solutions.
As soon as the warning goes out that
such-and-such a 'devil dog' eats children, there will be a moron who immediately wants to buy one as a pet for his toddlers.
Do prospective tenants really care all that much that
such-and-such a company just took 15,000 square feet in your building?
This raises the question: Why was the patient given
such-and-such a drug?
Vhen are we going to look after ourselves and say I need to do
such-and-such, instead of saying you need to do
such-and-such?
Other data bases and software packages are also available that give the corporate investor the capability of doing "what-if" calculations: "What will happen to the portfolio if I buy
such-and-such an instrument and interest rates go up-or down-by certain amounts?" Because systems are available to meet the needs of investors with varying skills, the system selected should match the level of sophistication of those who will use it.
I am not a big drinker, but I would like to go for a drink as and when I want to, not set by the clock to say you can't drink after
such-and-such a time at the pub.
You have put your neck on the line to get the board to part with cash to bring in
such-and-such an individual.
As a general rule, if the headlines say it is a question of "when" and not "if" of
such-and-such happening, you can be pretty sure
such-and-such won't happen.
Tom and Sally Forster of the Groomsbridge Stud in Devon are getting fed up reading that
such-and-such a horse is the only son of Shergar still standing at stud, and understandably so, because for the last five years they have been promoting the former John Dunlop-trained Tout Ensemble, who is by the
The cross polarizer lets a blip of light through if the original polarization of the light has been changed by
such-and-such an amount, cancels it for a further change, lets it through again for yet a further change, and so on.