The final section, on peptide toxins, contains a review of the work on conotoxins, the biologically active peptides in cone snail venom; sea anemone polypeptide toxins that affect sodium channels; and chapters on sea snake venom (neurotoxins), the cytolytic peptides found in sea anemones, some natural jellyfish toxins, plus an article on pardaxin, the neurotoxic polypeptide from the Red Sea Moses sole, Pardachirus marmoratus, which targets gills and pharynx of aquatic animals and is eyed as a
shark repellant.